Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41691304›Full record

ArticleGut pathogens2026

Maternal separation during breastfeeding as a risk factor for developing giardiasis: evaluation in a rodent model.

M F Gerena-Cruz, I M Guatibonza-Arévalo, G Garcia-Laguna, R Guerrero-Lozano, Z Dueñas

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Article in Gut pathogens, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

M F Gerena-CruzSchool of Medicine, Department of Physiological Science, Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Av Cra 30 No. 45-3, Bogota, 111321, Colombia. mfgerenac@unal.edu.co.
I M Guatibonza-ArévaloMS Physiology, Behavior and Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Physiological Science, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Av Cra 30 No. 45-3, Bogota, 111321, Colombia.
G Garcia-LagunaSchool of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Science Research Group, Center for the Study of Physical Activity Measurement (CEMA), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 111321, Colombia.
R Guerrero-LozanoSchool of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Av Cra 30 No. 45-3, Bogota, 111321, Colombia.
Z DueñasSchool of Medicine, Department of Physiological Science, Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Av Cra 30 No. 45-3, Bogota, 111321, Colombia. zjduenasg@unal.edu.co.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGiardia lamblia is a globally prevalent gastrointestinal parasite. Breastfeeding provides protective effects against infections, but the impact of early life stress, such as maternal separation, on G. lamblia infection remains unclear. This study examines how Maternal Separation During Breastfeeding (MSDB) affects G. lamblia infection in Wistar rats.

resultsIn a Wistar rat model, MSDB led to a significant increase in G. lamblia cyst shedding, with early effects more evident in males and delayed effects in females. Additionally, infected MSDB rats showed elevated eosinophil infiltration in the intestinal mucosa-consistent with heightened immune response-along with altered villus/crypt ratios in non-infected separated animals, particularly in males.

conclusionsOur findings demonstrate that maternal separation during breastfeeding intensifies the severity of G. lamblia infection. This suggests that early-life maternal interactions may play a protective role in host resistance specifically against G. lamblia, highlighting the relevance of early-life conditions in shaping outcomes of giardiasis.

Indexed as

Giardia infectionIntestinal parasitic infectionsMaternal separation stressStress-induced susceptibility

Identifiers

PMID41691304
PMCPMC13220560

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.