Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41691027›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Sliding properties of anodized aluminium alloy tested in water and hydraulic oil.

Ana Trajkovski, Jan Bartolj, Nejc Novak, Jan Pustavrh, Mitjan Kalin, Franc Majdič

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ana TrajkovskiFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory for Fluid Power and Controls, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. ana.trajkovski@fs.uni-lj.si.
Jan BartoljFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory for Fluid Power and Controls, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Nejc NovakFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory for Fluid Power and Controls, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Jan PustavrhFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory for Fluid Power and Controls, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Mitjan KalinFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory for Tribology and Interface Nanotechnology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Franc MajdičFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory for Fluid Power and Controls, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Funding

The Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency P2-0231
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Long operation and efficiency of hydraulic valves are often limited by the construction and design of the chosen valve. Faster switching of control valves can also be achieved by reducing the mass of the moving spool through the use of different materials. In addition to material and design optimization, current research and development in advanced hydraulic systems increasingly emphasise the use of environmentally acceptable lubricants. This study investigates alternative material pairs for a water hydraulic spool valve. Specifically, natural aluminium alloy (EN AW-6082) and anodized aluminium alloy were tested in water. The results were compared with reference measurements in hydraulic oil ISO VG46 and measurements of the conventional valve spool material, nitrided C45 steel. The tribological tests were performed in ball-on-disk reciprocating motion for 90 min, using load of 50 N and a stroke length 2.4 mm. The tests were performed at two sliding frequencies of 10 Hz and 40 Hz, resulting in linear speed of 0.05 m/s and 0.2 m/s. The results of the study show that anodized aluminium alloy has lower coefficient of friction (0.36) and reduced specific wear (1.49 × 10− 6 mm3/Nm) compared to natural aluminium alloy in water at lower sliding speed, with both measured values becoming comparable to the values measured for nitrided C45 steel. However, at higher sliding speeds the anodized aluminium alloy has even lower coefficient of friction (0.34) and gives better results in measured specific wear compared to natural aluminium alloy, but not at the same order of magnitude as measured for nitrided C45 steel. Under oil lubricated conditions, the tested sliding speed had no influence on the improved tribological properties of anodized aluminium alloy which were comparable to the measured values for nitrided C45 steel.

Indexed as

Aluminium alloyAnodizationFrictionOilWater hydraulicsWear

Identifiers

PMID41691027
PMCPMC12996300

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.