Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41691011›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Development of multilayered polymer-BaSO

Hager M Y Okda, Emad R Sheha, Fouad Zahran, Mohamed A Yousef, Tharwat I Shaheen, Ahmed G Hassabo

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hager M Y OkdaTextile Research and Technology Institute, Pretreatment, and Finishing of Cellulose-based Fibres Department, National Research Centre (Scopus affiliation ID 60014618), 33 El-Behouth St. (former El-Tahrir str.), Giza, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Egypt.
Emad R ShehaExperimental Nuclear Physics Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt.
Fouad ZahranChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt.
Mohamed A YousefChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt.
Tharwat I ShaheenTextile Research and Technology Institute, Pretreatment, and Finishing of Cellulose-based Fibres Department, National Research Centre (Scopus affiliation ID 60014618), 33 El-Behouth St. (former El-Tahrir str.), Giza, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Egypt.
Ahmed G HassaboTextile Research and Technology Institute, Pretreatment, and Finishing of Cellulose-based Fibres Department, National Research Centre (Scopus affiliation ID 60014618), 33 El-Behouth St. (former El-Tahrir str.), Giza, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Egypt. aga.hassabo@hotmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The widespread use of toxic lead in radiation shielding materials poses serious environmental and health concerns, necessitating the development of safer alternatives. This study addresses this challenge by developing innovative multilayered polymer composites as eco-friendly, lead-free materials for X-ray attenuation. Gelatin-BaSO₄ dual composite coatings were applied to polyester and cotton fabrics using the pad-dry method to create lightweight and flexible shielding materials. In methodology, the effects of BaSO₄ concentration (40-60%), coating layers (1-5), and low-energy X-rays (up to 60 keV) on attenuation efficiency were systematically examined. The results revealed that FTIR analysis confirmed physical interactions between gelatin and BaSO₄, while SEM micrographs showed uniform dispersion of BaSO₄ within the polymer matrix. Additionally, increasing BaSO₄ content and layer number markedly enhanced X-ray shielding performance, with a five-layer coating containing 60% w/w BaSO₄ achieving 84.73% attenuation at 60 keV. TGA results indicated that higher BaSO₄ loadings improved thermal stability, elevating decomposition temperatures to 498 °C. The coatings also exhibited hydrophobicity and retained adequate flexibility despite a slight reduction in tensile strength. In conclusion, these findings elucidate that BaSO₄-based multilayer composites offer a sustainable, efficient, and lead-free solution for radiation protection in medical, industrial, and nuclear applications.

Indexed as

Attenuation efficiencyGelatin-BaSO₄ dual compositeLead-free radiation shieldingMultilayered fabricsThermal stabilityX-ray

Identifiers

PMID41691011
PMCPMC12913596

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.