Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41689088›Full record

ArticleBMC global and public health2026

Association between neighborhood-level overall social vulnerability and cumulative incidence of reported hepatitis C virus infection in Los Angeles County from 2018 to 2023.

Cassidy Hernandez-Tamayo, Laura Katherine Thompson, Mirna Jewell, Melissa Lee Wilson, Albert J Farias, Chrysovalantis Stafylis, Myles Cockburn, Prabhu Gounder, Jeffrey D Klausner

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Article in BMC global and public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Cassidy Hernandez-TamayoDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA. cassidyj@usc.edu.
Laura Katherine ThompsonDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
Mirna JewellLos Angeles County Department of Public Health, Viral Hepatitis Division, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Melissa Lee WilsonDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
Albert J FariasDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
Chrysovalantis StafylisDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
Myles CockburnDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
Prabhu GounderLos Angeles County Department of Public Health, Viral Hepatitis Division, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jeffrey D KlausnerDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatitis C is a serious public health problem in Los Angeles County. Only 30% of diagnosed persons are treated, and transmission is increasing. To further understand how social determinants impact hepatitis C, we assessed the association between neighborhood-level socioeconomic factors and the reported incidence of hepatitis C infection.

methodsWe conducted an ecological study of Los Angeles County residents aged 18 to 29 years with a reported positive hepatitis C viral nucleic acid test between July 2018 and June 2023. We used negative binomial regression to estimate reported hepatitis C incidence rate ratios by neighborhood with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A composite index score (range: 0-1) was created by ranking neighborhoods by combined social vulnerability and reported hepatitis C incidence.

resultsAmong our final analytic sample of 7616, the Metro and South areas of Los Angeles County had the highest proportions of neighborhoods in the lowest quartile for composite index scores, with 50% of neighborhoods in each area in the lowest quartile, compared to 0%-19% in others. Among 10 Social Vulnerability Index factors, reported hepatitis C incidence was 9% higher (95% CI 3%-16%) in neighborhoods with more uninsured residents, 2% lower (95% CI 1%-3%) in neighborhoods with greater proportions of racial and ethnic minorities, and 5% higher (95% CI 1%-9%) in neighborhoods with more residents lacking access to vehicles.

conclusionsLack of health insurance and access to vehicles correlated with increased reported hepatitis C incidence, while greater racial and ethnic diversity was associated with decreased reported hepatitis C incidence. Integrating social and epidemiologic data can help identify neighborhoods with characteristics associated with hepatitis C incidence.

Indexed as

Health disparitiesHepatitis CIncidenceSocial vulnerabilitySpatial epidemiology

Identifiers

PMID41689088
PMCPMC12903217

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