Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41688667›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Molecular docking and dynamics reveal novel CDK6 inhibitors for targeted glioblastoma therapy.

Muhammad Umer Khan, Maha Munir, Hina Manzoor, Ismail Hamad, Tahir Ali Chohan, Badriyah S Alotaibi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Muhammad Umer KhanInstitute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. umer.khan685@gmail.com.
Maha MunirUniversity of Catanzaro Magna, Magna, Graecia, USA.
Hina ManzoorInstitute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ismail HamadDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia.
Tahir Ali ChohanInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UVAS, Lahore, 54500, Pakistan.
Badriyah S AlotaibiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most deadly type of primary CNS tumor and is linked to dysregulation of the CDK4/6 pathway, poor prognosis, and high rate of post-surgical recurrence. One practical strategy for overcoming treatment resistance in GBM is targeting CDK6. The main goal of this study was to identify new primary amine-containing compounds with specific inhibitory potential against CDK6 using in silico tools. A thorough in silico pipeline comprising ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS), molecular docking, ADMET, density functional theory (DFT) analysis, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used in this investigation. First, molecular docking against CDK6 was performed on 109 bioactive compounds that had been screened using ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS). According to the docking analysis, 48 compounds exhibited more favorable Glide docking scores than the reference compound CCL (− 11.174 kcal·mol⁻¹), among which compound 21 showed the most favorable score (− 12.811 kcal·mol⁻¹). Additionally, the interaction study demonstrated that the target selectivity of compound 21 was improved by preferential interactions to the polar residues Lys43 and His100. Compound 21 satisfied Lipinski’s rule of five (LRo5) and exhibited a favorable predicted toxicity profile, along with predicted blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, based on analysis using the SwissADME online tool. Through the demonstration of the stability, moderate reactivity, and minimal off-target potential of compound 21, Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies provided additional validation for its electrical characteristics. Further molecular dynamics simulation straddling 250ns confirmed the stability and flexibility of compound 21. These findings demonstrated compound 21 as a predicted lead and it could serve as a potential therapeutic agent targeting CDK6 in GBM treatment. However, in vitro and in vivo studies are required for the further clinical application of compound 21.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsBrain NeoplasmsCyclin-Dependent Kinase 6GlioblastomaMolecular Docking SimulationProtein Kinase InhibitorsHumansLigandsMolecular Dynamics SimulationAntineoplastic AgentsCDK6 protein, humanCyclin-Dependent Kinase 6LigandsProtein Kinase InhibitorsCDK6Density functional theory (DFT)Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)Molecular dockingMolecular dynamics (MD) simulations

Identifiers

PMID41688667
PMCPMC12993034

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.