Observational studyScientific reports2026
Salivary AQP9 mRNA expression is associated with caries and periodontitis prevalence.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of AQP5 gene variants and mRNA expression with caries severity in a dental practice cohort: a randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- AQP3 as a potential biomarker for caries.BMC oral health · 2026Observational
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dental caries and periodontitis are the most frequently diagnosed dental diseases worldwide. Their occurrence is age-dependent and, due to their widespread prevalence, they represent a major public health challenge. Further research is essential to identify factors that can be used to develop more effective prevention strategies. Potential factors contributing to the development of caries and periodontitis may be identified at the molecular level. Aquaporins (AQPs) are interesting candidate molecules in this context. Among them, AQP9, known for its role as a permeable channel for water, glycerol and other small molecules, has attracted considerable scientific interest in recent years. In this study we examined if AQP9 could serve as a biomarker for caries and periodontitis. The OKAPI study, a prospective observational study, enrolled patients in a dental practice and an oral and maxillofacial plastic surgery clinic. Clinical data like PSI-index and DMFT-Index were recorded and documented. Saliva samples were collected and RNA was isolated from saliva. cDNA was synthesized from the samples and qRT-PCR was performed using specific primers for AQP9 and ACTB (n = 159; 40.9% male). 39.4% of probands had severe caries and 15.3% had periodontitis. AQP9 mRNA expression was increased in patients with severe caries compared to milder forms (p = 0.0120), and increased AQP9 expression was also detected in patients with periodontitis compared to unaffected individuals (p = 0.0364). An AQP9 cut-off value was calculated to discriminate patients with and without severe caries. The groups below and above the cut-off differed only in the variables presence of severe caries or periodontitis and age: a binary logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for caries (p = 0.009) and periodontitis (p = 0.023) and led to the conclusion that the AQP9 cut-off was most relevant. AQP9 mRNA expression is associated with the prevalence of caries or periodontitis and could represent a novel biomarker.
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