ArticleNature communications2026
Allelic variation of Avr genes in highly virulent strains explains severe wheat stem rust epidemics.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- No Cost of Resistance in Wheat Gene Stack Lines Containing 10 Stem Rust Resistance Transgenes.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Haplotype-phased genomes of the barley leaf rust pathogen reveal evidence of repeat element expansion and somatic hybridization.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Wheat stem rust is a disease of global importance caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt). Here we generate chromosome-level, nuclear-phased genome references for Pgt isolates ETH2013-1 and ITA2018-1, representing races TKTTF and TTRTF respectively, that have caused major epidemics in Africa and Europe. The nuclear haplotypes of ETH2013-1 and ITA2018-1 are unique and unrelated to those of Ug99 and Pgt21. Pgt nuclear haplotypes show extensive variation in sequence and copy number of six known Avr genes and AvrSr33, which we identify through an effector gene library screen. Recognition properties of 22 novel Avr gene variants explain the race virulence phenotypes and the outbreak of TTRTF on durum cultivars containing Sr13b, since ITA2018-1 carries a homozygous deletion of AvrSr13. This work establishes an Avr gene atlas for Pgt that can inform wheat breeding and enable development of sequence-based virulence diagnostic tools for pathogen surveillance.
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