Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41688103›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Development of a resource use measure to capture costs related to unpaid care for people living with non-memory led dementia: a modified Delphi study.

Katherine Cullen, Emilie V Brotherhood, Oliver Hayes, Valerie Mansfield, Aida Suarez-Gonzalez, Nikki Zimmermann, Joshua Stott, Deborah Fitzsimmons

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06241287 (Better Living With Non-memory-led Dementia), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06241287 narecruitingnot on this map

Better Living With Non-memory-led Dementia: a Randomised Controlled Trial of a Web-based Caregiver Educational Programme

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity College, LondonRan2024 to 2027Enrolled238ConditionsDementiaArmsBetter Living with Non-memory led Dementia programme, Waiting list
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Katherine CullenSwansea Centre for Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-4598
Emilie V BrotherhoodDementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-7735
Oliver HayesADAPTlab, Research Department of Clinical Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
Valerie MansfieldDementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
Aida Suarez-GonzalezDementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0904-1031
Nikki ZimmermannDementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
Joshua StottADAPTlab, Research Department of Clinical Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
Deborah FitzsimmonsSwansea Centre for Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK d.fitzsimmons@swansea.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7286-8410

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo determine the personal, National Health Service and wider societal resource use in relation to caring responsibilities for carers of people living with non-memory led dementias (NMLDs); and to design a resource use measure (RUM) that can be delivered in the Better Living with Non-memory-led Dementia (BELIDE) randomised controlled trial, part of the Rare Dementia (RD) - TALK research programme.

designThe first stage was to identify and review any existing RUMs that could be used or adapted to the trial population and setting. If no measures were identified, the second stage was initial informal discussions with healthcare professionals (HCPs) and the programme patient and public involvement representatives to inform the perspective, settings of care and main resource items to develop a new RUM. In the third stage, a first draft of the RUM was tested for content and face validity in a modified Delphi study comprising HCPs and carers. The measure was revised and, in the final stage, piloted in the first 3 months of the BELIDE trial to assess acceptability and feasibility of collecting the economic outcomes and the completeness of data collection. The key drivers of resource use and costs were assessed, and appropriate face validity checks were applied to ensure accurate description of the treatment pathways. PARTICIPANTS AND

settingCarers and family of people living with NMLD recruited from Rare Dementia Support members in the UK, and a broad range of HCPs with experience of working with people who have NMLD to capture the different dimensions of experience, grade and skill mix.

resultsIn total, 20 people participated in the modified Delphi study, 11 HCPs and 9 carers. Rare Dementia Support groups and 1:1 calls were highly rated, as were general practitioner appointments. The greatest consensus was in the productivity and carer tasks; all caring tasks were highly rated. Healthcare practitioners rated healthcare items as higher importance than carers themselves.

conclusionsUnpaid carers and HCPs are the experts in the resource impact of caring for someone with NMLD and have been underserved in research to date. This research, as part of preparatory stages of the BELIDE trial, has enabled the timely development of a comprehensive and valid RUM for unpaid carers of people with NMLD. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022356943. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06241287.

Indexed as

CaregiversDementiaHealth Care CostsHealth ResourcesDelphi TechniqueFemaleHumansMaleRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicState MedicineUnited KingdomCaregiversDementiaHealth Care CostsHEALTH ECONOMICSSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID41688103
PMCPMC12911721

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.