SynthesisESMO open2026
Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors for localized dMMR/MSI-H gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in ESMO open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tumor regression grades in locally advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: associations with survival, pathological risk factors, and molecular biomarkers in a 19-year real-world cohort.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly studies indicate that neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) induce high rates of tumor regression in localized deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers, raising interest in nonoperative management (NOM). Most available data, however, come from small, nonrandomized cohorts. A systematic synthesis was undertaken to better characterize efficacy and safety outcomes. MATERIALS AND
methodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Reviews was conducted from inception through June 2025 for prospective or retrospective studies of neoadjuvant ICIs in localized dMMR/MSI-H gastric or GEJ cancers reporting at least one prespecified outcome. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Pooled estimates were calculated using a DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model, and NOM outcomes were qualitatively summarized.
resultsTwenty studies (396 patients) met inclusion criteria; three used dual ICI therapy, and the remainder used ICI alone or with chemotherapy. Overall, 320 patients (81.0%) underwent surgical resection. The pooled pathologic complete response (pCR) rate was 41.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 33.2% to 51.1%], clinical complete response 63.8% (95% CI 45.6% to 78.8%), major pathologic response 64.2% (95% CI 49.1% to 76.9%), and grade 3-4 immune-related adverse events 6.7% (95% CI 1.7% to 13.8%). pCR was higher with treatment duration ≥3 months compared with <3 months [50.2% (95% CI 42.3% to 58.7%) versus 28.4% (95% CI 18.9% to 40.2%), χ
conclusionsNeoadjuvant ICIs are associated with favorable efficacy and safety in localized dMMR/MSI-H gastric and GEJ cancers. Longer neoadjuvant exposure (≥3 months) may improve pCR rates. Larger prospective studies are needed to define optimal treatment duration and the role of organ-preserving strategies such as NOM.
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Registered trials
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