Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41686885›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Opposing insulin signals underlie the same developmental switch across hemipteran insects.

Jin-Li Zhang, Yong-Kang Liu, Yi Wan, Hui-Jie Wu, Ni-Tong Xu, Zhuo-Qi Liu, Heng-Guang Huang, Jia-Peng Yang, Xin-Yang Liu, Xu-Mei Luo and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Jin-Li ZhangState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8073-464X
Yong-Kang LiuState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0009-0002-2836-9531
Yi WanState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0009-0002-5056-9628
Hui-Jie WuState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0009-0003-8329-3047
Ni-Tong XuState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Zhuo-Qi LiuState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Heng-Guang HuangState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Jia-Peng YangState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0009-0002-0518-6660
Xin-Yang LiuState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8082-236X
Xu-Mei LuoState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Yi-Song LiThe College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2507-4247
Qi-Sheng SongDivision of Plant Science & Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9682-1775
Frederik H NijhoutDepartment of Biology, Duke University, Durham 27710, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5436-5345
Ehab AbouheifCenter for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7651-1737
Hai-Jun XuState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7314-377X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Across metazoans, the insulin/insulin-like signaling (IIS) pathway is assumed to promote organ growth. We found that genes within the IIS pathway evolved opposite roles in organ growth across wing-dimorphic insects, playing opposite roles in regulating the developmental switch between short and long wings. In the firebug, the InR-Chico-PI3K-PDK1-Tsc1/2-TORC1 cascade redirects the switch from short to long wings by inactivating IIS, whereas in the planthopper, the InR-Chico-PI3K-Akt-FoxO cascade redirects this same switch by activating IIS. Activation or inactivation of IIS results in low ecdysteroid titers in both species by regulating different genes within the ecdysteroid biosynthesis pathway, which in turn induces long wing development. Our findings reveal a negative relationship between IIS and organ growth and a mechanism for how a hormone pathway can translate opposing IIS activities into the same developmental switch across species.

Indexed as

HemipteraInsulinSignal TransductionAnimalsEcdysteroidsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalInsect ProteinsInsulin-Like PeptidesWings, AnimalEcdysteroidsInsect ProteinsInsulinInsulin-Like Peptides

Identifiers

PMID41686885
PMCPMC12904164

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.