ArticleMedicine2026
Prevalence and predictors of computer vision syndrome and ocular surface disease symptoms among adult females in Jordan: A cross-sectional study.
Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Studying prevalence and predictors of computer vision syndrome (CVS) and ocular surface disease symptoms among females can aid in identifying risk factors and developing effective preventive measures. This study aims to explore the prevalence and predictors of CVS and ocular surface disease symptoms among female adults in Jordan. This was an online cross-sectional survey study that was conducted in Jordan between July 8th, 2025 and October 01st, 2025 utilizing Qualtrics survey software. Female adults from the general public in Jordan formed the study population. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of the outcomes. The presence of CVS was determined based on participants' responses to the CVS-questionnaire (CVS-Q), with total scores of ≥6 indicative of CVS. This investigation demonstrated a significant correlation between CVS and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) severity. This association may be due to overlaps between CVS and ocular surface-related behaviors and factors, specifically long screen times, wearing contact lenses, and the presence of chronic diseases, which increase both CVS and OSDI in the current study. Thus, preventive interventions, ongoing monitoring, and targeted interventions are necessary, particularly in high-risk groups. A total of 741 females were included. A significant association was found between CVS and OSDI severity (χ2 = 177.5, P < .001). Among participants with high OSDI scores, 56.7% had CVS, compared to only 10.1% among those with low OSDI scores. Participants with chronic diseases showed significantly increased odds of both CVS (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6-4.3; P < .001) and OSDI (AOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.2; P = .008). Spending more than 6 hours daily on electronic devices for study or work was also strongly associated with both outcomes (CVS: AOR = 2.6, P < .001; OSDI: AOR = 2.5, P < .001). The use of corrective lenses significantly increased the odds of CVS (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.7-4.0, P < .001), OSDI (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.9-4.5, P < .001). Taking regular breaks was slightly protective against CVS (AOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5-1.0, P = .04). Night mode or blue light filter use was associated with higher odds of CVS (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.2, P < .009).
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