ArticleDiscover oncology2026
Clinicopathologic features and long term prognosis of early onset gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Article in Discover oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundA thorough investigation into the clinicopathologic features and long-term prognosis of early-onset gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) is lacking. This study leverages the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to comprehensively analyze these aspects, addressing this critical knowledge gap.
methodsPatients diagnosed with GEP-NETs between 2010 and 2020 were categorized into early-onset (≤ 50 years) and late-onset (> 50 years) groups. Clinicopathological features were compared, and propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to mitigate confounding. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis were utilized to evaluate overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS).
resultsAmong 35,342 patients (9,968 early-onset; 25,374 late-onset), both groups exhibited rising annual incidence. Early-onset GEP-NETs were more frequently located in the colorectum (66.8% vs. 40.0%) and had higher surgical rates (86.1% vs. 76.1%). They demonstrated superior OS and CSS compared to late-onset counterparts (P < 0.001), confirmed by 1:1 PSM. Lymph node metastasis was lower in early-onset GEP-NETs overall (11.9% vs. 19.7%), but paradoxically higher in small intestine subsets (53.1% vs. 46.9%). Distant metastasis rates were lower in early-onset tumors (5.5% vs. 9.9%), particularly in colorectum (1.2% vs. 3.2%). Predictors of lymph node metastasis in early-onset cases included race, marital status, tumor grade, primary site, T stage, and M stage; predictors of distant metastasis encompassed tumor grade, primary site, T stage, and N stage. Five-year OS and CSS rates for early-onset GEP-NETs were 95.0% and 97.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified marital status, tumor grade, primary site, NM stage, surgery, and chemotherapy as independent OS predictors; tumor grade, primary site, NM stage, surgery, and chemotherapy independently predicted CSS.
conclusionsEarly-onset GEP-NETs exhibit favorable survival and reduced metastasis rates relative to late-onset tumors, underscoring distinct clinical outcomes and warranting tailored management strategies.
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