SynthesisEuropean endodontic journal2025
Three-Dimensional Filling Quality of Cold Lateral vs Warm Vertical Condensation: A Micro-CT and CBCT-Based Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in European endodontic journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dens invaginatus: a clinical update and a proposed new three-dimensional classification.British dental journal · 2026Review
- Root canal and nasopalatine canal morphology in a Guangxi population: a cone-beam CT study on regional variations.BMC oral health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the efficacy of cold lateral condensation (CLC) and warm vertical condensation (WVC) in endodontic obturation. The primary focus was to evaluate three-dimensional (3D) obturation quality, including void volume, gutta-percha adaptation, and filling completeness, using Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science up to December 2024 following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they had compared CLC and WVC using Micro-CT or CBCT imaging and reported quantitative outcomes on gutta-percha filling and void volume. A randomeffects meta-analysis was performed because of high heterogeneity (I��=80%), with standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated. Twelve studies were included in the review, with five contributing to the meta-analysis. WVC showed superior obturation quality along the full canal length (SMD=-2.19; 95% CI: -3.78 to -0.60; p=0.02). However, in the apical third, the difference was not statistically significant (SMD=-0.79; 95% CI: -1.92 to 0.35; p=0.13). While WVC offered superior adaptation and fewer voids, it also presented a higher risk of sealer extrusion. CLC, while cost-effective and widely used, exhibited more voids and poorer adaptation, particularly in complex canals. However, substantial heterogeneity (I��=80-85%) among included studies limits confidence in these pooled estimates. WVC achieves superior obturation quality along the full length; however, the evidence remains inconclusive for the apical third, reflecting uncertainty in this anatomically complex region. High study heterogeneity underscores the need for methodological standardization. Given the high heterogeneity and methodological variation among included studies, including studies using alternative models or techniques, the findings should be interpreted with caution and serve as a basis for future standardized research. (EEJ-2025-05-077).
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Registered trials
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