Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41685332›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Extraction, purification, structural elucidation, and immunomodulatory activity of

Guofeng Pang, Kai Zhou, Di Gao, Danli Wang, Juan Xue, Tian Lu, Huifang Chai

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Polysaccharides from the root tubers ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Guofeng PangCollege of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
Kai ZhouCollege of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
Di GaoCollege of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
Danli WangCollege of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
Juan XueCollege of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
Tian LuCollege of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
Huifang ChaiCollege of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Methods: A neutral polysaccharide (BSP-2) was isolated from Results: BSP-2 exhibited the following molecular weight parameters: number-average (3.612 ± 0.13646 kDa), weight-average (4.456 ± 0.18019 kDa), z-average (6.364 ± 0.5518 kDa), and peaked molecular weight (2.808 ± 0.09041 kDa). Component analysis revealed that BSP-2 was dominated by glucose (Glc), with minor proportions of galactose (Gal), arabinose (Ara), and rhamnose (Rha) residues. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, BSP-2 inhibited the production of four pro-inflammatory mediators: IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Mechanistically, the anti-inflammatory effects of BSP-2 were mediated by the regulation of the NF-κβ pathway, which involved the downregulation of proteins including p65, p-p65, IκBα, p-IκBα, COX-2, and iNOS. Discussion: These results demonstrate that BSP-2 balances pro-inflammatory responses via the NF-κB pathway, supporting its promising application as a bioactive immunoregulatory component in functional food and dietary supplement development.

Indexed as

Immunologic FactorsNF-kappa BOrchidaceaePlant ExtractsPolysaccharidesSignal TransductionAnimalsCytokinesLipopolysaccharidesMacrophagesMiceMolecular WeightRAW 264.7 CellsCytokinesImmunologic FactorsLipopolysaccharidesNF-kappa BPlant ExtractsPolysaccharidesBletilla striataimmunomodulatory activityNF-κB signaling pathwaypolysaccharideRAW 264.7 macrophages

Identifiers

PMID41685332
PMCPMC12890687

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.