Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41685232›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Association of remnant cholesterol with cardiovascular events and mortality in biopsy-proven diabetic kidney disease.

Qiyuan Hu, Ling Chen, Lingzhi Xing, Yamei Xu, Jiachuan Xiong, Yuewu Tang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Qiyuan HuThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Ling ChenThe Center of Experimental Teaching Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Lingzhi XingFaculty of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Yamei XuThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Jiachuan XiongDepartment of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
Yuewu TangDepartment of Nephrology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Remnant cholesterol (RC) has been recognized as a critical risk factor for vascular diseases. However, its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and overall mortality in individuals with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has not been thoroughly investigated. Methods: This retrospective single-center study enrolled 329 patients with biopsy-confirmed DKD from August 2009 to December 2018. The prognosis of patients with varying RC levels was compared. In addition, the association between RC levels and left ventricular structure and function was examined. Furthermore, the predictive capability of RC for clinical outcomes was assessed. Results: Over the follow-up period, 76 patients (23.1%) experienced CVD events, while 44 patients (13.4%) died. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients in the high RC group exhibited significantly elevated rates of CVD events ( Conclusion: RC independently contributes to the risk of CVD events and all-cause mortality in individuals with biopsy-confirmed DKD.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesCholesterolDiabetic NephropathiesTriglyceridesAgedBiopsyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsCholesterolTriglyceridescardiovascular diseasediabetic kidney diseasemortalityremnant cholesterolrisk factor

Identifiers

PMID41685232
PMCPMC12890626

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.