ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026
Sex differences in music performance anxiety: the role of self/other-scrutiny and self-efficacy.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Sex differences in music performance anxiety (MPA) remain a persistent concern in both research and practice, yet the mediation mechanisms are not fully understood. Thus, this study examined whether self-scrutiny, other-scrutiny, and self-efficacy mediate the relationship between sex and MPA among Chinese choir members. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in June 2025 with 774 active participants (27.1% male; mean age = 46.02, SD = 18.19) recruited from four community-based choirs in China. Standardized measures assessed MPA, self-scrutiny, other-scrutiny, and self-efficacy. Results: Findings indicated that (1) females reported significantly higher MPA than males; (2) Self-scrutiny, other-scrutiny, and self-efficacy significantly mediated the sex-MPA association, with effect sizes of 36.0%, 16.3%, and 2.8%, respectively. (3) Serial mediation via self-scrutiny and self-efficacy was not supported, whereas the indirect pathway through other-scrutiny and self-efficacy was significant, though modest in size (1.0%). Conclusion: These findings highlight that evaluative cognitions, especially self-scrutiny, play a central role in explaining sex disparities in MPA, whereas self-efficacy exerts a limited contribution. In the Chinese choral context, where collective and public performance accentuates external evaluation, other-scrutiny may further erode confidence over time. The study underscores the need for interventions that target maladaptive self- and other-focused cognitions, while simultaneously fostering mastery experiences and supportive feedback to strengthen self-efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.