SynthesisFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Targeted therapies in pediatric B-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: mechanisms, efficacy, and future directions.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common hematologic malignancy in children and is characterized by rapid progression and, in some cases, a high risk of relapse. Targeted therapies have revolutionized treatment with greater specificity, reduced systemic toxicity and a better prognosis. Objective: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current targeted therapies for pediatric B-cell ALL, focusing on their mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety profiles, advantages, and remaining challenges. Methods: A systematic review of clinical trials published over the past 15 years was conducted. The analyzed therapies include monoclonal antibodies, antibody‒drug conjugates, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, and chimeric antigen-receptor T-cell (CAR-T cell) immunotherapy. Results: Targeted therapies improved progression-free survival and overall response rates, particularly in patients with relapsed/refractory ALL. CD19-directed CAR-T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies (e.g., blinatumomab) have demonstrated high remission rates in early-phase clinical trials. Additionally, BCR-ABL1-positive ALL patients show benefit from tyrosine kinase inhibitors when combined with chemotherapy. Conclusion: Targeted therapies represent a paradigm shift in ALL treatments, enabling more personalized and effective strategies. Their integration into standard protocols, especially for high-risk and relapsed patients, is crucial to enhancing long-term outcomes. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251110522, identifier CRD420251110522.
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