Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41685175›Full record

ArticleAdvanced functional materials2026

Expanding Chemical Space of Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles for Tunable Antiviral-Like Immunomodulatory Responses and Potent Adjuvant Activity.

Martin Panigaj, Hannah S Newton, Jian Wang, Laxmi Pandey, Yelixza I Avilla, Phong Nguyen, Morgan Chandler, Justin Halman, Yasmine Radwan, Stephanie Smith and 12 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced functional materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Martin PanigajChemistry and Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina At Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Hannah S NewtonNanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Jian WangDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Laxmi PandeyDepartment of Physics, Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Yelixza I AvillaChemistry and Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina At Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Phong NguyenChemistry and Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina At Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Morgan ChandlerChemistry and Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina At Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Justin HalmanChemistry and Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina At Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Yasmine RadwanChemistry and Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina At Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Stephanie SmithMolecular Histopathology Laboratory, Laboratory of Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Elijah EdmondsonMolecular Histopathology Laboratory, Laboratory of Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Simone DifilippantonioAnimal Research Technical Support, Laboratory of Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Chelsea SandersAnimal Research Technical Support, Laboratory of Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Bao TranFrederick Sequencing and Genomics Core, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Yongmei ZhaoFrederick Sequencing and Genomics Core Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Group, Bioinformatics and Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Shaojun XieFrederick Sequencing and Genomics Core Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Group, Bioinformatics and Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Edward CedroneNanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Barry W NeunNanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Meni WanunuDepartment of Physics, Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Nikolay V DokholyanDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Marina A DobrovolskaiaNanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory For Cancer Research Sponsored By the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Kirill A AfoninChemistry and Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina At Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6917-3183

Funding

WORK ORDER 126643 B539 EXPAND IC SUITE75N91019D00024 · NIAID · LEIDOS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, INC. · PI BRISCOE, LYNN · 2019 to 2025
$3932.6M
Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: EquipmentR35GM134864 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Nikolay Dokholyan · 2020 to 2026
$5.2M
SMART NANPs: new molecular platform for communication with human immune system and modulation of therapeutic responsesR35GM139587 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA CHARLOTTE · PI AFONIN, KIRILL A · 2021 to 2025
$1.8M
NCI NIH HHS 75N91019D00024NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM134864NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM139587
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rise of personalized medicine demands affordable biomaterials with tunable physicochemical properties, biological activities, and immune responses. We introduce a nucleic acid nanoparticle (NANP)-based platform designed to engage with the human immune system in a controllable manner. By varying the chemical composition while keeping the architectural parameters constant, we identified key factors that influence the immunorecognition and stability of NANPs. Chemical modifications provide additive functional regulation, while pairing NANPs with different delivery agents further enhances their immunomodulatory capabilities. Specific compositions boost T cell effector functions, promote B cell proliferation, and activate innate immune populations in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The resulting interferon responses and immune signatures mimic those triggered by viral infections. Notably, in vivo studies demonstrate that NANPs function as efficiently as traditional clinically used adjuvants, without increasing the risk of autoimmunity. This suggests that NANPs are a safe and effective tool for immunotherapy with promise for developing formulations targeting cancer and infectious diseases.

Indexed as

cGASchemical modificationscytokinesimmunostimulationNAMsNANPsRIG-ITLRsvaccine adjuvants

Identifiers

PMID41685175
PMCPMC12893623

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.