Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41684840›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2026

Metabolic reprogramming and immunosenescence: a new sight for glioma therapy.

Huali Fan, Shizhuo Yang, Qing Lu, Liming Chang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Huali Fan *Department of Pharmacy, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Shizhuo Yang *Department of Pharmacy, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Qing LuDepartment of Pharmacy, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Liming ChangDepartment of Pharmacy, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gliomas, the most prevalent primary tumor of the central nervous system, are characterized by a poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. The glioma microenvironment is highly immunosuppressive, which poses a major obstacle to effective immunotherapy. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of glioma, driving tumor progression and therapy resistance. Key alterations include the Warburg effect, increased glutamine dependency, enhanced pentose phosphate pathway activity, and dysregulated lipid metabolism. Immunosenescence, the age-dependent decline in immune function that contributes to disease pathogenesis, encompasses immune dysregulation, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) accumulation, and epigenetic changes, which together drive immune cell dysfunction and foster an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Meantime, senescent immune cells may change the metabolic microenvironment, whereas metabolic reprogramming also influence immune system. Thus, this small essay is on the purpose of demonstrating the significance and function of metabolic reprogramming and immunosenescence in gliomas, providing evidence of promising therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

epigenetic regulationgliomaimmunosenescencemetabolic reprogrammingtumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41684840
PMCPMC12891187

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.