Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41684775›Full record

ArticleGIScience & remote sensing2025

Performance and generalizability impacts of incorporating location encoders into deep learning for dynamic PM

Morteza Karimzadeh, Zhongying Wang, James L Crooks

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in GIScience & remote sensing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Morteza KarimzadehUniversity of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6498-1763
Zhongying WangUniversity of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0207-8202
James L CrooksNational Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0021-5701

Funding

Environmental Factors Predicting Risk of Severe COVID InfectionR21ES032973 · NIEHS · NATIONAL JEWISH HEALTH · PI REGAN, ELIZABETH ANNE · 2021 to 2022
$448k
NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES032973
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deep learning models have demonstrated success in geospatial applications, yet quantifying the role of geolocation information in enhancing model performance and geographic generalizability remains underexplored. A new generation of location encoders have emerged with the goal of capturing attributes present at any given location for downstream use in predictive modeling. Being a nascent area of research, their evaluation has remained largely limited to static tasks such as species distributions or average temperature mapping. In this paper, we discuss and quantify the impact of incorporating geolocation into deep learning for a real-world application domain that is characteristically dynamic (with fast temporal change) and spatially heterogeneous at high resolutions: estimating surface-level daily PM

Indexed as

air pollutiondeep learninggeneralizabilityGeolocationlocation encoder

Identifiers

PMID41684775
PMCPMC12893639

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.