Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41684751›Full record

ArticleResearch square2026

Lung microbial dysregulation and TNF inhibition contribute to worsened nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease.

Ethan Napier, Isaac Cinco, Ethan Stuart, Michael Davies, Caroline Leach, Evan Damron, Mahmut Gokmen, Amy Leestemaker-Palmer, Stephanie Nuss, Cody Bumgardner and 6 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Ethan NapierUniversity of Kentucky.
Isaac CincoUniversity of Kentucky.
Ethan StuartUniversity of Kentucky.
Michael DaviesOregon National Primate Research Center.
Caroline LeachUniversity of Kentucky.
Evan DamronUniversity of Kentucky.
Mahmut GokmenUniversity of Kentucky.
Amy Leestemaker-PalmerOregon State University.
Stephanie NussOregon State University.
Cody BumgardnerUniversity of Kentucky.
Steven KohamaOregon National Primate Research Center.
Luiz BermudezOregon State University.
Kevin WinthropOregon Health & Science University.
Cristina FussYale University.
Eliot SpindelOregon National Primate Research Center.
Ilhem MessaoudiUniversity of Kentucky.

Funding

Upgrade of confocal microscopy at the Oregon National Primate Research CenterP51OD011092 · OD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Bonnie J. Nagel · 2012 to 2026
$203.9M
University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center Support Grant ECIA SupplementP30CA177558 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI Jennifer F Rogers · 2013 to 2026
$38.3M
Mechanisms of increased susceptibility to pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial disease in the elderlyR01AI152258 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI MESSAOUDI, ILHEM · 2020 to 2024
$3.5M
Interdisciplinary Training in Alcohol ResearchT32AA027488 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI Mark T Fillmore, Mark A Prendergast · 2019 to 2026
$2.0M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA177558NIAAA NIH HHS T32 AA027488NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI152258NIH HHS P51 OD011092
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous bacteria that cause a spectrum of diseases, most notably pulmonary disease (NTMPD). The host factors contributing to the heightened susceptibility and severity of NTMPD in elderly individuals are poorly understood. Prior studies have reported increased incidence of NTMPD in individuals receiving immune modulatory biologics such as anti-TNF and JAK-STAT inhibitors. Moreover, we recently described that age-related changes in the lung microbiome, notably the loss of a main commensal

Indexed as

microbiomeNontuberculous mycobacteriarhesus macaquesingle cell RNA sequencingTNF

Identifiers

PMID41684751
PMCPMC12893067

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.