ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Improved preoperative clinical staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using the ABC factors: a retrospective study.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of ABC factors, including anatomical factors (A), biological factors (B: carbohydrate antigen 19-9 [CA19-9]), and patient condition (C) or performance status (PS), in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients who underwent surgery, with the ultimate goal of enhancing the preoperative clinical staging system for the diagnosis of ICC. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 217 patients who underwent radical surgery for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma at the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between January 2010 and August 2022. All patients were stratified into early (EA), intermediate (IM), and locally advanced (LA) stages, according to radiological findings. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to examine the impact of ABC factors on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results: Overall, 107 (49.3%), 86 (39.6%), and 24 (11.1%) patients were diagnosed with EA, IM, and LA, respectively. The preoperative CA19-9 level in 73 patients (33.6%) was >500 U/mL. The performance status score of 53 patients (24.4%) was ≥1. The independent risk factors for OS and DFS were IM, LA, CA19-9 >500 U/mL and performance status score ≥1. The median OS was 32.2, 20.4, 11.0, 9.8, and 6.8 months and the median DFS was 19.3, 14.8, 7.7, 5.9, and 3.3 months for patients with ABC composite scores of 0 to 4. Conclusion: ABC is an independent prognostic factor for OS and DFS in patients undergoing radical surgery for ICC. The preoperative clinical staging of patients with ICC should fully consider the anatomical, biological, and PS factors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.