ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026
Smart Optogenetics for Real-Time Automated Control of Cardiac Electrical Activity.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- All-optical closed-loop control of human cardiomyocyte networks exploiting holographic optogenetics.Communications engineering · 2026Article
- Optogenetic tachypacing facilitates burst-induced arrhythmia in stem cell-derived human atrial engineered heart tissue.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2026Article
- Real-time GPU-accelerated coupled cardiac system: Integrating bidirectional interactions between living optogenetic monolayers and computational simulations.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Control theory underpins the stabilization of dynamic systems, including cardiac tissue, where disruptions in electrical conduction cause arrhythmias. Current treatments either act rapidly but without precision or deliver targeted interventions that cannot adapt in real time. We present an integrated platform combining optical voltage mapping (OVM), machine learning (ML), and optogenetics for autonomous, real-time detection and correction of cardiac rhythm disorders in vitro. OVM provides high-resolution membrane potential visualization; the ML module identifies arrhythmic events and drives microLED-based light patterns restoring normal conduction; and optogenetics enables light-based modulation of excitable cells. This integration of electrical, optical, and bioelectrical domains through a unified computational control layer enables adaptive, closed-loop rhythm stabilization, a significant advance in real-time electrophysiological interventions. Because inference and actuation run in real time on modest hardware, the same control loop could be embedded into miniaturized devices or microcontrollers, accelerating the transition from in-vitro to in-vivo automated rhythm management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.