ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Valorisation of Barley Straw for Sustainable Nanocellulose Production via Subcritical Alkaline Hydrolysis and HDES-Assisted Processing.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study investigates a sustainable and efficient approach to valorising barley straw by producing nanocellulose via an integrated subcritical alkaline hydrolysis and HDES-assisted processing pathway. Subcritical alkaline pretreatment under best processing conditions (150 bar, 200 °C, 125 min) enabled effective biomass fractionation, achieving average hemicellulose and lignin solubilisation of 57.72% and 82.69%, respectively. Subsequent purification of the pretreated solid fraction yielded cellulose fibres with an average cellulose yield of 41.97% and a purity of 87.87%. Nanocellulose was then obtained using a sequential HDES treatment followed by high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS), producing a sample (NC-BTW-3) in which 66% of particles exhibited diameters below 100 nm, 15.2% were between 100 and 200 nm, and 19% were within the 200-1000 nm range. The resulting nanocellulose demonstrated good colloidal stability, with an average zeta potential of -33.0 mV. Overall, the work highlights a green and effective processing strategy for the valorisation of agricultural residues into high-value nanocellulose suitable for bio-based material applications.
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