LC-MS/MS-Based Metabolomics Identifies 2-Aminopurine as a Predictive Freshness Biomarker in Goose Egg Yolk During Refrigerated Storage.

Suyu Fan, Laidi Wang, Yuchun Cai, Hongyan Sun, Wenming Zhao, Guohong Chen, Youqing Bian, Yang Zhang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Suyu FanJiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.

Laidi WangJiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.

Yuchun CaiJiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.

Hongyan SunJiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.

Wenming ZhaoJiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.

Guohong ChenJiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.

Youqing BianJiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China.

Yang ZhangJiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2024YFF1000903National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Supported by the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China CARS-42-3Seed Industry Revitalization Talent Recruitment Program JBGS [2021] 023the Key and General Agricultural Modernization Projects, Jiangsu Province, China BE2022350

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Goose yolk, the primary source of nutrients and flavor, is particularly susceptible to quality deterioration during storage, yet its metabolic dynamics remain poorly characterized. To elucidate these changes, we combined physicochemical assays with untargeted LC-MS/MS metabolomics to systematically profile the temporal metabolic alterations in goose egg yolks stored at 4 °C for up to 60 days, using day-1 yolks as fresh controls. Our analysis quantified 1005 metabolites and identified a critical metabolic shift occurring after 30 days of storage. Among 21 significantly altered metabolites, the sustained decline of adenosine and 2-aminopurine, alongside the accumulation of 4-hydroxyretinoic acid, strongly correlated with the loss of egg freshness. Interaction network and pathway analyses pinpointed purine metabolism-with adenosine and 2-aminopurine as central nodes-as a core pathway impaired in yolk during storage. Crucially, we identify 2-aminopurine as a novel, storage-sensitive biomarker for goose egg freshness derived from yolk metabolomics, directly linking intracellular metabolic dysregulation to observable quality decline. This study deciphers the metabolic landscape of goose egg yolk aging and provides a targeted, mechanism-based strategy for yolk-centric quality monitoring and preservation, offering new insights for food composition analysis and safety assurance.

Indexed as

2-aminopurinefreshness biomarkergoose egg yolkmetabolomicspurine metabolism

Identifiers

PMID41683175

DOI10.3390/foods15030588

PMCPMC12896707

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