ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
High-Resolution OFDR with All Grating Fiber Combining Phase Demodulation and Cross-Correlation Methods.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Spatial resolution is a critical parameter for optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). Phase-sensitive OFDR (Φ-OFDR) measures strain by detecting phase variations between adjacent sampling points, having the potential to achieve the theoretical limitation of spatial resolution. However, the results of Φ-OFDR suffer from large fluctuations due to multiple types of noise, including coherent fading and system noise. This work presents an OFDR-based strain sensing method that combines phase demodulation with cross-correlation analysis to achieve high spatial resolution. In the phase demodulation, the frequency-shift averaging (FSAV) and rotating vector summation (RVS) algorithms are first employed to suppress coherent fading noise and achieve accurate strain localization. Then the cross-correlation approach with an adaptive window is proposed. Guided by the accurate strain boundary obtained from phase demodulation, the length and position of the cross-correlation window are automatically adjusted to fit for continuous and uniform strain regions. As a result, an accurate and complete strain distribution along the entire fiber is finally obtained. The experimental results show that, within a strain range of 100-700 με, the method achieves a spatial resolution of 0.27 mm for the strain boundary, with a root-mean-square error approaching 0.94%. The processing time reaches approximately 0.035 s, with a demodulation length of 1.6 m. The proposed approach offers precise spatial localization of the strain boundary and stable strain measurement, demonstrating its potential for high-resolution OFDR-based sensing applications.
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