ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Development and Validation of an Algorithm for Foot Contact Detection in High-Dynamic Sports Movements Using Inertial Measurement Units.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Validation of Insole Pressure Sensor Algorithms: Implications for In-Field Detection of Initial Contact and Hamstring Muscle Pre-Activity During Side-Cutting.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
Precise foot contact detection (FCD) is essential for accurate biomechanical analysis in sport performance, injury prevention, and rehabilitation. This study developed and validated an inertial measurement units (IMUs)-based algorithm for FCD during sports movements. Thirty-four healthy athletes (22.8 ± 4.1 years old) performed 90° changes of direction and sprints with deceleration. Data were collected via a force platform (AMTI, 1000 Hz) and a full-body IMU suit (MTw Awinda, Movella, 60 Hz). Two IMU-based algorithms relying on pelvis vertical velocity (PVV) and resultant foot acceleration (RFA), respectively, were tested to detect initial contact (IC) and toe-off (TO). Force platform data served as the gold standard for comparison. Agreement was quantified through median offset and interquartile range (IQR); the influence of task, sex, leg, speed, and acceleration was investigated. The PVV algorithm showed higher offset than RFA for IC detection (16.7 ms vs. 10.2 ms) with comparable IQR and a substantially higher offset for TO (102.8 ms vs. 20.4 ms). Minimal influence of co-factors emerged (variance < 10%). Results were sensibly improved by combining PVV and RFA, for both IC (5.6 [70.4] ms) and TO (20.4 [78.7] ms). This algorithm offers a robust, portable alternative to force platforms, enabling accurate footstep detection and analysis of complex, sports movements in real-world environments, enhancing the ecological validity of sport assessments.
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