Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41681953›Full record

ReviewCancers2026

Epigenetic Regulation of Higher-Order Chromatin Structure (HOCS) and Its Implication in Human Diseases.

Luisa Ladel, Bethsebie Sailo, Paromita Das, Ethan Samuel Lin, Wan Ying Tan, Ankit Chhoda, Haoyu Tang, Olivia Ang-Olson, Linda He, Nithyla John and 3 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Luisa LadelSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Bethsebie SailoSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Paromita DasSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Ethan Samuel LinCenter for Precision Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Wan Ying TanSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Ankit ChhodaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Haoyu TangSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Olivia Ang-OlsonSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-6840-8748
Linda HeSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Nithyla JohnSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Jeremy D KratzCenter for Precision Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1979-3955
Anup SharmaSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Nita AhujaSurgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

Funding

BLRD VA IK2 BX006146
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Higher-order chromatin structures (HOCS) are fundamental to genome organization, gene regulation, and cellular homeostasis. This review examines the epigenetic mechanisms shaping HOCS, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and RNA-based regulatory processes. We also discuss the role of architectural proteins in maintaining chromatin topology while allowing dynamic changes to chromatin structure, thereby influencing gene expression. Growing evidence indicates that disruptions in HOCS contribute to a diverse array of human diseases, including cancer, aging-related disorders, and congenital abnormalities, primarily through aberrant gene regulation. We further discuss the concept of distinct genomic areas, in which specific chromatin regions orchestrate three-dimensional (3D) genome dynamics, positioning them as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. By emphasizing chromatin architecture on a global scale rather than at the level of individual genes, this review underscores its emerging relevance to precision medicine. Finally, we synthesize current technical advances, outline future directions for leveraging chromatin topology in disease diagnosis and treatment, and highlight key biological insights to reshape our understanding of genome function.

Indexed as

architectural proteinscancerCCCTC-binding factorcohesinhigher-order chromatin structurenucleosomespolycomb repressive complextopologically associating domains

Identifiers

PMID41681953
PMCPMC12897372

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.