ArticleCancers2026
Tumor-Associated Neutrophils and Desmoplastic Reaction in Breast Cancer Microenvironment: Association with Tumor Grade and Clinicopathological Features.
Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Mechanical properties of the tumor microenvironment: drivers of immunotherapy resistance in solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe tumor microenvironment (TME), composed of diverse immune and stromal cells, plays a key role in cancer progression. Among its components, tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) and the desmoplastic reaction (DR) have emerged as important modulators of tumor behavior. While each has been extensively studied, their interrelationship and association with tumor grade and clinicopathological parameters remain unclear.
aimThis hypothesis-generating study aimed to explore the relationship between the presence of TANs, various types of DR, the grade of tumor malignancy, and other fundamental clinicopathological characteristics commonly studied in daily clinical practice. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe study included a cohort of 65 cancer patients (N = 65). The average number of TANs was recorded. In hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections, "hot spots" representing areas with the highest neutrophil density were first identified. The tumor-associated polymorphonuclear neutrophils were then counted in ten consecutive high-power fields (HPFs). In the same specimens, the DR was assessed and classified according to stromal texture.
resultsTANs did not follow a normal distribution across any clinicopathological category (
conclusionsHigh TAN levels were linked to aggressive tumor features and specific DR patterns. The association of myxoid stroma with elevated TAN infiltration may reflect a highly aggressive TME. These preliminary results warrant validation in larger, prospective studies.
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