Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41681585›Full record

ArticlePlants (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Effects of High Lithium Concentrations on the Growth, Biomass, Mineral Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant and Gene Expression Response, and DNA Methylation in Sunflower Plants.

Francisco Espinosa, Francisco Luis Espinosa-Vellarino, Ilda Casimiro, Carmen Gloria Relinque, Alfonso Ortega, Inmaculada Garrido

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Francisco EspinosaResearch Group of Plant Physiology and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, INURA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6467-0359
Francisco Luis Espinosa-VellarinoResearch Group of Plant Physiology and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, INURA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Ilda CasimiroResearch Group of Plant Physiology and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, INURA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Carmen Gloria RelinqueResearch Group of Plant Physiology and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, INURA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Alfonso OrtegaResearch Group of Plant Physiology and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, INURA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Inmaculada GarridoResearch Group of Plant Physiology and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, INURA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2367-0985

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study demonstrates that sunflower plants display integrated, multilevel responses to excessive lithium (Li) exposure. Li concentrations above 5 mM markedly impair germination, growth, and biomass accumulation. Li is preferentially accumulated in the shoots, showing high translocation and bioaccumulation factors, and disrupts mineral nutrient homeostasis, particularly potassium (K) and sodium (Na) uptake, while inducing oxidative stress. Although photosynthetic pigment contents decline, photosynthetic efficiency is largely maintained, except at 10 mM Li. Li treatment enhances superoxide anion (O

Indexed as

antioxidant systemlithiumoxidative stressreactive oxygen species

Identifiers

PMID41681585
PMCPMC12899685

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.