Fabrication of Copper Nanowires Highly Conductive and Flexible Circuits by Direct Ink Writing.

Hui Guo, Haoting Huang, Shijian Shi, Qinghua Sun, Jinping Sun, Kang Liu, Qiang Zhu, Peng Zhang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hui GuoSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.

Haoting HuangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.

Shijian ShiSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.

Qinghua SunSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.

Jinping SunSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.

Kang LiuSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.

Qiang ZhuSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2973-8442

Peng ZhangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.

Funding

Kang Liu ZR2023QE184Peng Zhang 2023-SGTTXM-006Peng Zhang 2023SYLHY10

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Direct ink writing (DIW) has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible electronics. Copper nanowires are a key material for the conductive inks required for this technology. However, copper nanowires suffer from significant challenges, including low aspect ratios, poor oxidation resistance, and difficulty in printing. In this study, a liquid-phase reduction method was used to synthesize copper nanowires with a high aspect ratio (up to 2884) and excellent oxidation resistance. The conductive ink was prepared using ethylene glycol, isopropanolamine (MIPA), and ethanol as solvents. Rheological dynamics simulations were used to investigate the influence of printing parameters on ink printing accuracy, ultimately achieving precise control of the printing process. High-precision copper nanowire flexible circuits with a low resistivity of 2.11 μΩ·cm were fabricated under thermal sintering conditions using the DIW method. These circuits exhibited excellent adhesion, flexural behavior, and water resistance, demonstrating significant practical significance for the low-cost fabrication of high-precision flexible electronic devices.

Indexed as

conductive inkcopper nanowiresdirect ink writingflexible circuitshighly conductive

Identifiers

PMID41681308

DOI10.3390/ma19030618

PMCPMC12898026

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.