Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41680694›Full record

ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026

Assessment of choroidal vascularity and thickness after corneal crosslinking treatment in keratoconus.

Hasan Kızıltoprak, Burak Ören, Dilara Ozkoyuncu Kocabas, Kemal Tekin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hasan KızıltoprakSchool of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Atlas University, İstanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-9107
Burak ÖrenSchool of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey. burakoren@windowslive.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4933-2500
Dilara Ozkoyuncu KocabasSchool of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, TOBB University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5196-0106
Kemal TekinOphthalmology Department, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-6129

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study assessed the choroidal vascular index (CVI) and choroidal thickness (CT) in individuals with keratoconus following corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) therapy.

methodsTwenty-five eyes of 25 patients who underwent corneal CXL were included in the study. The enhanced depth imaging (EDI) mode of optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure subfoveal, nasal, temporal CT and CVI prior to surgery and in the first week and month following surgery.

resultsSubfoveal, nasal, and temporal CT increased dramatically in the first week compared to pre-surgery measurement (p < 0.05). The nasal and temporal CT measured in the first month decreased significantly compared to the first week (p < 0.05), while a decrease in the subfoveal region was not statistically significant (p = 0.35). The subfoveal, nasal, and temporal CT measured at the first month were not different from the preoperative measurements (p > 0.05). There was no significant change in terms of CVI, stromal area, luminal area, or total choroidal area before and after treatment (p > 0.05).

conclusionCT shows a transient increase during the first week following CXL, which regresses to baseline levels by the first postoperative month. Importantly, choroidal vascular structures including CVI, luminal, and stromal components remain unaffected. These findings suggest that CXL induces a mild and reversible increase in CT without compromising choroidal vascular integrity in the early postoperative period.

Indexed as

ChoroidCorneal Cross-LinkingCross-Linking ReagentsKeratoconusAdolescentAdultCollagenFemaleHumansMalePhotochemotherapyPhotosensitizing AgentsRiboflavinTomography, Optical CoherenceUltraviolet RaysVisual AcuityCollagenCross-Linking ReagentsPhotosensitizing AgentsRiboflavinChoroidChoroid vascularity indexCorneal crosslinkingKeratoconus

Identifiers

PMID41680694
PMCPMC12998053

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.