Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41680598›Full record

ArticlePsychiatry investigation2026

Clinical Features of Adults With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Focusing on Their Adherence to Medication.

Jae Kwang Shim, Soyoung Irene Lee, Shim-Gyeom Kim, Yujin Ko, HyunChul Youn, Jeewon Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychiatry investigation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jae Kwang ShimDepartment of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
Soyoung Irene LeeDepartment of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
Shim-Gyeom KimDepartment of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
Yujin KoDepartment of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
HyunChul YounDepartment of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
Jeewon LeeDepartment of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.

Funding

Soonchunhyang University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe purpose of the present study was to examine the clinical features and medication adherence of the patients diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in their adulthood.

methodsThe present study involved a retrospective chart review of the adults who were diagnosed with ADHD during the period of March 2016 to February 2021 at a university-based, tertiary hospital in South Korea. Two-year follow-up medical records of the participants after they were diagnosed with ADHD were reviewed.

resultsThe eligible sample consisted of 174 adults with ADHD (mean age, 25.14±7.84; male, 73.6%). Only 56.3% the subjects had sought treatment because of their ADHD symptoms and others had other chief complaints such as interpersonal relationship problems and depressed mood. One or more psychiatric comorbidities were found in 76.4% of the subjects. Only 42.6% of methylphenidate group showed higher adherence than 80%, and 40.0% of atomoxetine group showed higher adherence than 80%. Only 13.8% of methylphenidate group and 18.2% of atomoxetine group showed longer persistence than 365 days. None of the subjects had any substance-related events regarding ADHD medication.

conclusionADHD not only persists into adulthood but is associated with a wide range of psychiatric symptoms and comorbidities. Clinicians should constantly consider the possibility of ADHD when evaluating adult patients. Most importantly, greater emphasis should be placed on improving adherence to pharmacological treatment rather than on the relatively minimal risk of medication abuse or misuse. Enhancing treatment adherence in adults with ADHD has the potential to significantly improve functioning across multiple domains.

Indexed as

AdherenceAdultAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Identifiers

PMID41680598
PMCPMC12901374

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.