Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41679090›Full record

SynthesisPatient education and counseling2026

Increasing contextualization of care rates through clinician prompting interventions.

Alan Schwartz, Saul J Weiner

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Patient education and counseling, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Alan SchwartzDepartments of Medical Education and Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St, 986 CME, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address: alansz@uic.edu.
Saul J WeinerVA Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 820 S Damen Ave, Chicago, IL, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Medical Education, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St, CSN 406, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: sweiner@uic.edu.

Funding

AHRQ HHS R01 HS025374HSRD VA I01 HX002017HSRD VA I01 HX003055
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveContextualizing care results in better outcomes for patients. Several different prompts to clinicians to increase contextualization have been studied: audit & feedback (A&F), clinical decision support (CDS), or making recording of visits openly accessible to patients (OA). We measured the effects of prompting interventions on probing of contextual red flags and incorporation of contextual factors into care plans.

methodsIndividual participant data meta-analysis of data from three controlled studies of prompts. The first (A&F, 4160 visits to 667 physicians at 6 sites) employed reports to provider teams of missed and successful contextualization opportunities. The second (CDS, 450 visits to 39 physicians at 2 sites) employed a real-time CDS tool. The third (OA, 317 visits to 30 physicians at 2 sites) cued providers that visits were recorded and would be available to patients. In each, the audios were coded using the 4 C system to identify contextual red flags, clinician probes of red flags, contextual factors, and contextualization of care plans.

resultsPrompting interventions increased the odds of probing by 71 % (95 % CI 54 % - 79 %) on average, with the largest impact in the A&F study but the highest probing rate in the CDS study. Overall, they increased the odds of contextualizing care plans by 33 % (95 % CI 13 %-58 %), an effect partially mediated by probing of red flags, which increased the odds of contextualization by 337 % (95 % CI 287 % - 396 %). Contextual factors in the domains of Access to Care, Financial Situation, Emotional State, and Skills, Abilities, and Knowledge were most likely to be incorporated into plans and those in Competing Responsibilities least so.

conclusionMultiple strategies prompt clinicians to consider patient life context in care planning, with varying effectiveness according to the patient context. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Future efforts should consider combining prompting interventions and provide clinicians with additional domain-specific resources.

Indexed as

CommunicationDecision Support Systems, ClinicalPatient Care PlanningPatient-Centered CarePhysician-Patient RelationsHumansContextualization of carePatient-provider communicationPrompting

Identifiers

PMID41679090
PMCPMC13632455

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.