ArticlePloS one2026
The influence of smartphone addiction on sleep quality among college students: The parallel mediating roles of perceived stress and health-promoting lifestyle.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Smartphone addiction and self-esteem among university students: a moderated mediation and latent profile analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Perceived physical activity barriers as predictors of nomophobia levels in sports science students.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study investigated the relationship between smartphone addiction and sleep quality among college students, focusing on the parallel mediating roles of perceived stress and health-promoting lifestyle.
methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in March 2025 among 2,317 students from Xuzhou Medical University using an online questionnaire. Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS 21.0. The study used the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Statistical methods included normality tests, descriptive statistics, and mediation analysis.
resultsA prevalence rate of 51.9% for sleep disorders was identified among the university student population. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between smartphone addiction and poor sleep quality (r = 0.259, p < 0.01). Additionally, perceived stress (r = 0.408, p < 0.01) and health-promoting lifestyle (r = -0.182, p < 0.01) were identified as parallel mediators in this relationship. Mediation analysis indicated a significant total effect of smartphone addiction (SAS-SV) on sleep quality (PSQI) (path c = 0.0863, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.0730, 0.0995). Furthermore, a significant direct effect of SAS-SV on PSQI was noted (path c' = 0.0325, 95% CI = 0.0188, 0.0461). The health-promoting lifestyle (HPLP) (path a1b1 = 0.0128, 95% CI = 0.0086, 0.0176) and perceived stress (PSS) (path a2b2 = 0.0410, 95% CI = 0.0332, 0.0491) were found to partially mediate the relationship between SAS-SV and PSQI, accounting for 14.83% and 47.51% of the total effect, respectively. These findings highlight the dual mediating roles of perceived stress and health-promoting lifestyle in the association between smartphone addiction and sleep quality.
conclusionsSmartphone addiction negatively affects sleep quality, both directly and indirectly through increased perceived stress and reduced engagement in a health-promoting lifestyle. Interventions targeting stress management and healthy behaviors are recommended to mitigate these effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.