Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41678125›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026

Deciphering the different Mycobacterium avium complex infections of HIV and non-HIV patients by bacterial GWAS and immune cells flow cytometry.

Yue Hou, Hong Sun, Shuang Meng, Wenzhao Xu, Yanhua Yu, Wenjing Wang, Dingyi Liu, Hongbing Jia, Yajie Wang, Hongqian Chu and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yue Hou *Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
Hong Sun *Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
Shuang Meng *Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
Wenzhao XuTranslational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
Yanhua YuDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
Wenjing WangTranslational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
Dingyi LiuTranslational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
Hongbing Jia *Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
Yajie Wang *Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
Hongqian Chu *Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
Zhaogang Sun *Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China. sunzhaogang@bjxkyy.cn.

Funding

Capital Health Research and Development of Special Fund 2022-1G-2161National Natural Science Foundation of China 82272347
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePulmonary diseases caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) show species-specific epidemiology: M. avium predominates in HIV-positive patients, while M. intracellulare mainly affects immunocompetent hosts. This study aimed to elucidate the bacterial and host mechanisms underlying these differences.

methodsWe integrated clinical metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), k-mer-based bacterial genome-wide association study (GWAS) of clinical isolates, peripheral blood immunophenotyping of 175 patients, and mouse infection models with or without CD4 depletion.

resultsK-mer GWAS identified lipid metabolism and transport genes (notably mce) enriched in isolates from hosts with different HIV statuses. Immunophenotyping showed that in HIV-negative patients, M. intracellulare infection elicited higher NKT cell frequencies than M. avium, a difference absent in HIV-positive hosts. In mice, anti-CD4

conclusionMAC species exhibit fundamentally divergent infection dynamics driven by differential NKT cell activation, likely shaped by species-specific lipid antigens. This lipid-NKT axis explains contrasting clinical patterns of M. avium and M. intracellulare and highlights a potential target for host-directed interventions.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsMycobacterium avium ComplexMycobacterium avium-intracellulare InfectionAdultAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleFlow CytometryGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansImmunophenotypingMaleMiceMiddle AgedNatural Killer T-CellsHIVImmunityLipidM. aviumM. intracellulareMycobacterium avium complexNKT

Identifiers

PMID41678125

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.