Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41678095›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2026

Clinical significance of ADHD traits in central disorders of hypersomnolence.

Shunsuke Takagi, Genichi Sugihara, Masaaki Shimizu, Hidehiko Takahashi, Yuichi Inoue

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Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Shunsuke TakagiDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Science, Tokyo Graduate School, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7289-6553
Genichi SugiharaDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Science, Tokyo Graduate School, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Masaaki ShimizuDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Science, Tokyo Graduate School, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Hidehiko TakahashiDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Science, Tokyo Graduate School, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Yuichi InoueYoyogi Sleep Disorder Center, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. inoue@somnology.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7414-9017

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London 20K16643Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London 23K14794National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry 5-1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized as a potential comorbidity in central disorders of hypersomnolence (CDHs), including narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH). This study aimed to characterize ADHD traits within these CDH populations and evaluate their association with daily functioning.

methodsAdult participants (≥ 18 years old) with a clinical diagnosis of NT1, NT2, or IH were enrolled. Matched controls were recruited through an online platform. All participants completed validated self-report questionnaires: the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), and the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (WHO-HPQ).

resultsThe study included 175 patients (NT1: n = 58; NT2: n = 46; IH: n = 71) and 350 controls. ADHD traits were significantly more prevalent among patients with CDH (24%) than among controls (7%), with odds ratios of 5.11 for NT1, 5.08 for NT2, and 3.87 for IH. The ADHD prevalence was not significantly different across CDH types and was predominantly inattentive. Elevated ASRS scores in CDH were not associated with increased ESS score. Among CDH patients, not ASRS but K6 was correlated with the EQ-5D score.

conclusionAlthough ADHD traits were commonly seen in CDH, their impact on functional outcomes looked to be limited. Psychological distress driven by sleepiness in CDH is more closely related to daytime dysfunctions than ADHD traits. This may suggest the importance of prioritizing hypersomnolence management, even in patients exhibiting ADHD characteristics.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityDisorders of Excessive SomnolenceNarcolepsyAdultCase-Control StudiesComorbidityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesDepressionIdiopathic hypersomniaNarcolepsyQuality of lifeSleepiness

Identifiers

PMID41678095
PMCPMC12994935

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.