ReviewNursing open2026
The Effect of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Leptin-to-Adiponectin Ratio.
Review in Nursing open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The Effect of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Leptin-to-Adiponectin Ratio.Nursing open · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
AIM(S): To examine the relationship between low socioeconomic status, stress, and chronic disease risk, and to explore leptin and adiponectin as upstream biomarkers of inflammation to inform evidence-based nursing practice and policy.
designIntegrative literature review guided by evidence-based practice and lifecourse theory. REVIEW
methodsA structured review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted to synthesize evidence on the social and biological mechanisms linking socioeconomic disadvantage to inflammation and chronic disease. Findings were interpreted using a lifecourse perspective to identify potential points for intervention at interpersonal and structural levels. DATA SOURCES: Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus for articles.
resultsThe reviewed literature demonstrated a strong association between low socioeconomic status and increased exposure to stress, which contributes to higher levels of inflammation and elevated chronic disease risk. Leptin and adiponectin, along with their ratio, were identified as influential upstream biomarkers that affect downstream inflammatory processes and disease development. These biomarkers may help explain cumulative biological risk across the lifecourse.
conclusionSocioeconomic disadvantage contributes to chronic disease through stress-related inflammatory pathways. Leptin and adiponectin show potential as upstream biomarkers for identifying risk earlier and guiding prevention strategies. Additional research is needed to clarify their roles within inflammatory pathways. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: Nurses can apply evidence-based practice to address both biological and social determinants of health. Early identification of inflammatory risk may support targeted clinical and policy-level interventions aimed at reducing health disparities. IMPACT: This review addressed socioeconomic disparities in chronic disease risk. Key findings highlight the role of stress-related inflammation and upstream biomarkers. The research has implications for nursing practice, public health initiatives, and populations experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. REPORTING
methodThis review adhered to relevant guidelines from the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research Network for reporting literature reviews. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No Patient or Public Contribution. This review did not involve patients or members of the public. TRIAL AND PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. No protocol registration or external funding was required.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.