ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2026
Immunohistochemical detection of PD-L1 in small cell lung cancer and its prognostic values.
Article in American journal of translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Abstract
objectiveThe molecule known as Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) exerts an inhibitory effect on immune system reactions and promotes cancer progression. Its prognostic role in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains less defined than in non-small cell lung cancer. This study aimed to evaluate PD-L1 expression and its prognostic value in SCLC, comparing detection by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
methodsPD-L1 expression was assessed in paired tumor and non-tumor tissues from 66 SCLC patients using IHC and RT-qPCR. IHC positivity was defined as membrane staining in >5% of tumor cells. Associations with clinicopathological factors were examined by Fisher's exact test. Survival analysis employed Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression identified independent prognostic factors.
resultsIHC analysis showed PD-L1 positivity in 34/66 patients. RT-qPCR revealed significantly higher PD-L1 mRNA levels in tumor versus non-tumor tissues (P<0.01). Both IHC positivity and high mRNA levels were associated with larger tumor size, metastasis, and advanced clinical stage (all P<0.05), but not with age, gender, or smoking/drinking history. Patients with PD-L1-positive IHC staining or high PD-L1 mRNA exhibited significantly worse 5-year overall survival (P<0.05), with IHC showing stronger prognostic discrimination. Multivariate analysis confirmed IHC positivity (HR=2.45, P=0.004) and high mRNA level (HR=2.12, P=0.012) as independent predictors of poor survival.
conclusionPD-L1 expression is associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and independently predicts poor survival in SCLC. IHC appears to be a more sensitive detection method than RT-qPCR for prognostic assessment.
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