ArticleThe journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG2026
Comparison of Low and High Dose Clonidine for Infants Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
Article in The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis study compares the efficacy of starting with low-dose vs high-dose enteral clonidine for the treatment of pain, agitation, and opioid withdrawal in high-risk infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
methodsThis was a retrospective chart review study of infants admitted to a level IV NICU between September 2014 and December 2022 who were started on enteral clonidine before 50 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA) for pain, agitation, or opioid withdrawal. Data were collected over the first 30 days of clonidine treatment. Infants started on low-dose (LDC: <4 mcg/kg/day) and high-dose clonidine (HDC: ≥4 mcg/kg/day) were compared using SPSS V29.0 (IBM) for statistical analyses.
resultsNinety-five infants met the inclusion criteria; 41 received LDC, and 54 received HDC. There were no statistically significant differences in any demographic parameter between the groups before starting clonidine. There was no difference in reduction in Neonatal-Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (N-PASS) scores during the 30-day treatment period, despite the LDC group having a lower maximum clonidine dose (4 vs 8 mcg/kg/day, p ≤ 0.01) than the HDC group.
conclusionOur observational study suggests that starting with LDC may be as effective as HDC in treating pain, agitation, and opioid withdrawal in infants admitted to the NICU.
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