Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41674801›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2026

Prenatal exposure to air pollution and the development of autism spectrum disorder from birth to adolescence: A nationwide Danish cohort study.

Youn-Hee Lim, Cale Lawlor, Marie Bergmann, Jiawei Zhang, Rina So, George Maria Napolitano, Gonzalo Hevia-Ramos, Tanya Andersson Nystedt, Kajsa Pira, Ebba Malmqvist and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Youn-Hee LimSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cale LawlorDivision of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Marie BergmannSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jiawei ZhangSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Rina SoSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
George Maria NapolitanoSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Gonzalo Hevia-RamosSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Tanya Andersson NystedtDivision of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Kajsa PiraDivision of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Ebba MalmqvistDivision of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Anna OudinDivision of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Zorana Jovanovic AndersenSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4138-9828

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution has been linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but evidence from low-exposure settings such as Denmark remains limited. Objective: We aimed to examine the association between prenatal exposure to particulate matter with a diameter of ≤2.5 µm (PM Methods: We included 850,361 children born in Denmark between 1990 and 2004 and followed them for ASD diagnoses in the Danish Patient Register until age 15 years. We assigned prenatal PM Results: An interquartile range increase in prenatal exposure to PM Conclusion: We found that prenatal exposure to air pollution was associated with ASD even at the relatively low exposure levels observed in Denmark, underscoring the importance of air pollution reduction for ASD prevention. The association with BC was independent of that with PM

Indexed as

Air pollutionAutism spectrum disorderBlack carbonChildren’s healthMaternal exposureNitrogen dioxideParticulate matter

Identifiers

PMID41674801
PMCPMC12889401

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.