Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41674356›Full record

ArticleDeutsches Arzteblatt international2026

Cardiac Arrest as an Extended Indication for Organ Donation: An Analysis of Potential in Germany Based on Retrospective Data From European Countries.

Friedrich A von Samson-Himmelstjerna, Hans de Ferrante, Christoph B Niehus, Agita Strelniece, Nassim Kakavand, Sarah-Yasmin Thomsen, Rainer Guenther, Steffen Augsberg, Serge Vogelaar, Erwin de Buijzer and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Not a Reliable Method for Determining Death.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2026
    Article
  3. In Reply.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2026
    Article
  4. Potential for donation after circulatory death in Germany: a multicenter retrospective study at seven university hospitals.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Friedrich A von Samson-HimmelstjernaMedicinal Faculty, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
Hans de FerranteEurotransplant International Foundation, Leiden, Netherlands
Christoph B NiehusMedicinal Faculty, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
Agita StrelnieceEurotransplant International Foundation, Leiden, Netherlands
Nassim KakavandMedicinal Faculty, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
Sarah-Yasmin ThomsenMedicinal Faculty, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
Rainer GuentherMedicinal Faculty, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
Steffen AugsbergChair of Public Law, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
Serge VogelaarEurotransplant International Foundation, Leiden, Netherlands
Erwin de BuijzerEurotransplant International Foundation, Leiden, Netherlands
Ineke TiekenEurotransplant International Foundation, Leiden, Netherlands
Roland SchmittMedicinal Faculty, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
Benedikt KolbrinkMedicinal Faculty, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany
Kevin SchulteMedicinal Faculty, Kiel University (CAU), Kiel, Germany

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study concerns the potential alleviation of the scarcity of donor organs in Germany by an extension of the indication for organ donation to cardiac arrest (donation after circulatory death, DCD).

methodsTrends in the number of organ donations in nine European countries after the introduction of DCD were analyzed and projected onto the documented numbers of organ donations in Germany over the period 2011-2023 by means of regression analyses. The effect on liver and kidney transplantation in Germany was modeled for each scenario with the Eurotransplant simulators ELAS and ETKidney.

resultsCompared to the control scenario without DCD (829 liver transplantations), the largest increases in liver transplantation in 2023 were found with the scenarios for Spain (+384) and Switzerland (+290), followed by those for Belgium (+224), Italy (+155), the United Kingdom (+125), the Netherlands (+112), the Czech Republic (+87), and France (+69). Similarly, the largest increases in kidney transplantation compared to the control scenario without DCD (1361 kidney transplantations) were found in the scenarios for Spain (+1186), Switzerland (+850), the Netherlands (+699), the United Kingdom (+661), Italy (+551), Belgium (+455), the Czech Republic (+432), and France (+128). The Austrian scenario did not yield any increase in either liver or kidney transplantation (-10 and -44, respectively). In most of the scenarios, waiting lists, MELD scores, and the dialysis time at transplantation were reduced in parallel with the rise in the number of transplantations.

conclusionThese scenarios indicate that the introduction of a DCD program could help make more organs available. Its effect would nonetheless depend on accompanying structural measures and societal factors. DCD would probably not solve the problem of organ scarcity if instituted as a single measure.

Indexed as

Heart ArrestKidney TransplantationLiver TransplantationTissue and Organ ProcurementTissue DonorsEuropeFemaleGermanyHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesWaiting Lists

Identifiers

PMID41674356
PMCPMC13274318

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.