Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41674035›Full record

ArticleThe plant genome2026

Genetic components associated with R2 and R4 powdery mildew resistance in hop.

Klara Hajdu, John Connell, Peter Darby, Michael Baldock, Andrew Armitage, Alastair Ainslie, Sarah Blackburn, Carol Wagstaff, Helen Cockerton

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The plant genome, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Klara HajduNIAB, East Malling, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2431-0523
John ConnellNIAB, East Malling, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2054-9641
Peter DarbyWye Hops Ltd., China Farm Office, Canterbury, UK.
Michael BaldockWye Hops Ltd., China Farm Office, Canterbury, UK.
Andrew ArmitageNatural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0610-763X
Alastair AinslieSchool of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0033-6360
Sarah BlackburnSchool of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7504-103X
Carol WagstaffDepartment of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Berkshire, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-8641
Helen CockertonSchool of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7375-1804

Funding

Brewers' Research and Education Fund BREF-0118EH Thompson and Wade TrustInnovate UK 10085509Strength in Places 107139
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Epidemics of powdery mildew disease in hop (Humulus lupulus var. lupulus) lead to cone spoilage, and in severe cases, crop abandonment. In order to prevent disease-associated yield losses, hop must be treated with an intensive fungicide management program. However, the chemical toolbox available is shrinking, and the horticultural industry is now increasing the uptake of sustainable biological disease control strategies, including genic-based resistance, which can offer a low chemical input strategy. We investigate the genetic components associated with powdery mildew resistance in (1) a hop population that segregates for R2 resistance and (2) a diversity panel containing 736 individuals with differential resistance responses to the hop powdery mildew race-structure. Both populations were phenotyped using the "Zenith" isolate (V1, V3, and Vb virulence) and genotyped to enable the association mapping of the biparental population and a genome-wide association study analysis, respectively. We identified the same location on chromosome 6 associated with R2 resistance in both populations. However, an additional resistance allele was associated with R4 resistance. Notably, the most significant single nucleotide polymorphisms on chromosome 6 fall on either side of three RPM1 disease resistance genes, which are prime candidates for downstream analysis. RPM1 mediates a localized cell death disease response reminiscent of the R2 phenotype. These results provide novel validated markers for use in international hop breeding programs. In doing so, we facilitate the pyramiding of disease resistance genes against multiple races of powdery mildew and reduce reliance upon chemical applications through providing a varietal control solution for this major hop pathogen.

Indexed as

AscomycotaDisease ResistanceHumulusPlant DiseasesChromosome MappingGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypePolymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Identifiers

PMID41674035
PMCPMC12895981

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.