Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41673745›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2026

The relationship between using communication media in non-working hours and job burnout in Jeddah.

Hala Mohammed Yasin, Alaa Mujallad, Dina Saleh Alotaibi, Anwar Neami Alshehri, Eman Ahmed Hakami, Dalia Fahad Sagheer, Lina Fahad Basaeed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hala Mohammed YasinDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. hmyassin@uj.edu.sa.
Alaa MujalladDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Dina Saleh AlotaibiDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Anwar Neami AlshehriDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Eman Ahmed HakamiDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Dalia Fahad SagheerDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Lina Fahad BasaeedDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Utilization of communication media for work life is an inevitable aspect of most jobs. It is regarded as a two-edged sword, as it significantly affects employees’ mental well-being and efficiency, particularly outside working hours. Despite growing global concern about digital overconnectivity, limited empirical research has examined how communication media use during non-working hours contributes to job burnout, particularly in Saudi Arabia. This research aimed to determine whether using Communication Media in Non-Working Hours (CMNWH) through the lens of Technology-Assisted Supplemental Work (TASW) influences employees’ job burnout level. The burnout was determined using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which typically measures burnout in three facets: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) on a sample of 415 employees in Jeddah. The relationship between the CMNWH and burnout was examined using the regression analysis. The findings showed significant positive correlations among TASW and three sub-scales of burnout, specifically Reduced Personal Accomplishment (r = 0.986), Exhaustion (r = 0.945), and Depersonalization (r = 0.991), at a significance level of p < 0.001. These results validate the evidence that the lack of boundaries between work and life, resulting from continuous connectivity through digital devices, leads to burnout. The research informs about breaking organizational communication boundaries and introducing digital well-being programs.

Indexed as

Burnout, ProfessionalCommunications MediaAdultDepersonalizationEmotional ExhaustionFemaleHumansMaleMedia ExposureSaudi ArabiaCommunication mediaJob burnoutMaslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)Non-Working hoursTechnology-Assisted supplemental work (TASW)

Identifiers

PMID41673745
PMCPMC12997710

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.