Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41673714›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2026

Third-party effects on intergroup trust: the role of punishment/compensation and group regulatory focus.

Xiaowei Geng, Jie Cui, Jie Wang, Feng Zhang, Wei Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaowei GengZhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Jie CuiZhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Jie WangSchool of Foreign Languages (School of International Education), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China.
Feng ZhangZhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Wei WangOperations Research and Industrial Engineering Program, University of Texas at Austin, 204 E. Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA. weiw@utexas.edu.

Funding

Major Humanities and Social Sciences Research Projects in Zhejiang Higher Education Institutions 2024GH005National Natural Science Foundation of China 71971104
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intergroup trust refers to a collective prediction and belief among members of one group regarding those of another in intergroup interactions. It plays an important role in avoiding intergroup conflicts, and thereby sustaining social development. This study was designed to investigate the effects of third-party punishment and compensation, as well as group regulatory focus, on intergroup trust. The findings revealed that, at both individual and group levels, prevention-focused groups exhibited higher levels of intergroup trust than promotion-focused groups under third-party compensation conditions. In contrast, under the third-party punishment conditions, promotion-focused groups displayed greater trust than prevention-focused groups, although this difference was not statistically significant. Overall, this study demonstrates that third-party punishment is more effective in enhancing intergroup trust for promotion-focused groups, whereas third-party compensation is more effective for prevention-focused groups.

Indexed as

Group ProcessesPunishmentTrustFemaleGroup DynamicsHumansMaleSocial GroupGroup regulatory focusIntergroup trustThird-partyThird-party compensationThird-party punishment

Identifiers

PMID41673714
PMCPMC13005564

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.