Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41673669›Full record

Observational studyRespiratory research2026

Serum CA125 is independently associated with adverse outcomes in primary Sjögren's syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease: a prospective multicenter cohort study.

Wenyan Meng, Jing Geng, Xueying Chen, Huaping Dai

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Respiratory research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04370158 (Interstitial Lung Diseases Cohort Study in China), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04370158 unknown statusnot on this map

Interstitial Lung Diseases Cohort Study in China

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorChina-Japan Friendship HospitalRan2016 to 2020Enrolled3,000ConditionsInterstitial Lung DiseasesArmsdisease history
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Wenyan MengDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Jing GengNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xueying ChenNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Huaping DaiNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. daihuaping@ccmu.edu.cn.

Funding

National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding No. 2022- NHLHCRF-LX-01-0104National Key Technologies R&D Program of China No. 2021YFC2500700
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrimary Sjögren's syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease (pSS-ILD) shows heterogeneous patterns and variable prognosis. We previously observed elevated serum CA125 in pSS-ILD. This study investigated whether CA125 predicts adverse outcomes in pSS-ILD.

methodsData were derived from the ILD-China cohort (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04370158). Among enrolled pSS-ILD patients, a total of 395 with follow-up data were included. The adverse outcomes were death or lung transplantation (LTx). Associations were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models, with restricted cubic splines to assess nonlinearity.

resultsAmong 395 patients, 87 experienced adverse outcomes (83 deaths and 4 LTx). CA125 levels were higher in patients with adverse outcomes and were associated with indices of disease severity. In ROC analysis, CA125 showed the highest discrimination among the evaluated biomarkers (AUC 0.764), with a higher AUC than KL-6 (0.580). In multivariable Cox models, higher CA125 modeled as a continuous biomarker was independently associated with adverse outcomes (adjusted HR 1.005 per 1 U/mL increase, 95% CI 1.002-1.007; P < 0.001), corresponding to an approximately 5% higher hazard per 10 U/mL increase. Spline analysis supported a nonlinear relationship between CA125 and hazard.

conclusionsHigher serum CA125 is independently associated with adverse outcomes in pSS-ILD, with evidence of a nonlinear exposure-hazard relationship. CA125 may aid prognostic assessment in pSS-ILD.

trial registrationClinical trials.govs: NCT04370158, Registration date: 30 April 2020.

Indexed as

CA-125 AntigenLung Diseases, InterstitialMembrane ProteinsSjogren's SyndromeAdultBiomarkersChinaCohort StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProspective StudiesBiomarkersCA-125 AntigenMembrane ProteinsMUC16 protein, humanAdverse outcomesCA125Primary sjögren's syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease (pSS-ILD)

Identifiers

PMID41673669
PMCPMC13032295

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.