Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41673205›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Use large language model to enhance reasoning of another large language model through reward updated GRPO.

Yiqiao Yin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Yiqiao YinUniversity of Chicago - Booth School of Business, New York, NY, USA. yy2502@columbia.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent advancements in deep learning have significantly transformed natural language processing (NLP), enabling sophisticated reasoning and text generation. However, fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for domain-specific tasks remains a challenge due to the need for curated datasets. This paper introduces a novel package that allows developers to generate reasoning data from any data source, enhancing LLM adaptability across various domains. Additionally, we propose an updated objective function for Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) with a novel reward component to improve training efficiency and model performance. Instead of competing with a few universal benchmarks, we propose a framework to set custom reward functions and design experimental processes to converge on the custom reward function. To support further research, we publicly release our dataset and trained model, facilitating broader adoption and evaluation. Our contributions include (1) a publicly available package for reasoning data generation using LLMs, (2) an enhanced GRPO objective function with a novel reward mechanism, and (3) open access to the dataset and model to promote continued advancements in LLM training. By addressing key challenges in fine-tuning and optimization, our work provides valuable resources for the NLP community and contributes to improving reasoning capabilities in LLMs. Finally, we present results comparing model performance on GSM8K and Warren Buffett Letters datasets. The best-performing model, Qwen 2.5-3B-Instruct, achieved 98.2% and 98.5% mean token accuracy on the respective datasets, with a compute time of 40–42 hours and a cost of $78–$82.

Indexed as

Large Language ModelsNatural Language ProcessingRewardDeep LearningHumansDataset AugmentationDeep LearningFine-TuningGroup Relative Policy OptimizationLarge Language ModelsModel TrainingNatural Language ProcessingOptimizationReasoning Data GenerationReward Function

Identifiers

PMID41673205
PMCPMC12966493

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.