ArticleScientific reports2026
Drone-based composite risk mapping reveals vegetation-shade interaction and housing typology as key determinants of Aedes habitat risk.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Retrospective GIS-based spatial analysis of dengue case distribution across housing typologies in Malaysia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Drone-based microclimate analytics reveal vegetation-shade interaction as a key environmental drivers of Aedes-prone microhabitat suitability.Scientific reports · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Persistent dengue transmission in tropical cities reflects a complex interplay between environmental microclimates and urban housing structure that supports Aedes mosquito breeding. This study applies drone-based microhabitat risk mapping integrated with a biologically defined Composite Risk Index (CRI) to quantify fine-scale environmental drivers of Aedes habitat risk across distinct residential typologies in Sect. 24, Shah Alam, Malaysia. High-resolution RGB imagery obtained using a DJI Phantom 4 Pro was processed to derive the Brightness Index (BI) as a proxy for shade intensity and the Excess Green Index (ExG) as an indicator of vegetation density. These indices were integrated a priori into a CRI to operationalise known ecological conditions favourable for Aedes. Spatial analysis revealed a consistent risk gradient, with terrace housing exhibiting higher Composite Risk Index (CRI) values than flat complexes (low-density terrace (Teres D) > dense terrace (Teres B) > medium-rise (Flat H) > high-rise (Flat B)), demonstrating that housing typology modulates the spatial expression of microhabitat risk rather than vegetation presence alone. Model calibration showed high predictive agreement (R² = 0.91), with the top 20% of CRI-ranked pixels capturing 65% of observed breeding-prone zones, indicating strong spatial discriminative performance. These findings highlight that vegetation-shade coupling, expressed through housing morphology, governs Aedes habitat persistence and that drone-based microclimate mapping provides a precision surveillance tool for spatially targeted dengue control.
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