ArticleScientific reports2026
rhinotypeR enables reproducible rhinovirus genotype assignment from VP4/2 sequences.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Rhinoviruses (RVs) are among the most prevalent human respiratory pathogens, yet their molecular characterization remains fragmented across analytical tools and inconsistent between studies. Current genotype assignment typically relies on sequence alignment, pairwise distance calculation, and prototype comparison. This fragmentation hinders reproducibility and scalability. Here, we present rhinotypeR, an open-source R package that provides a scriptable and transparent workflow for RV genotyping based on the VP4/2 genomic region. The package integrates multiple analytical steps; alignment, distance calculation, genotype assignment, and visualization within the Bioconductor ecosystem and applies standardized species-specific thresholds (10.5% for HRV-A/C and 9.5% for HRV-B). Using a validation dataset encompassing over 90% of known RV types, rhinotypeR reproduced pairwise genetic distances obtained with ape and MEGA X with Mantel correlation (r = 1.000, p = 0.001) and negligible numerical deviation (< 10⁻
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