Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41672987›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Treg-γδ T cell axis determines sexual dimorphism in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Qing Liang, Qian Zhang, Wei Zhang, Rui Wang, Yinjiang Ma, Xiaoya Mai, Zhenglang Zhang, Bing Liu, Ping Lu, Huijuan Wan and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Qing LiangState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Qian ZhangState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Wei ZhangDepartment of Pathology, The 971 Hospital of People's Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Rui WangState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Yinjiang MaState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Xiaoya MaiState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Zhenglang ZhangState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Bing LiuState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Ping LuState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Huijuan WanState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Kejia WangState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China. wangkejia@xmu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0003-4921-1303

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 32322029National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82372785National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 92374105Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation) 2022J01011Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation) 2024J09004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sexual dimorphism in the incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been observed worldwide. Sex hormones play an essential role in determining male predominance in hepatocarcinogenesis. Here we reveal significant sexual dimorphism in regulatory T cells (Tregs). Compared with HCC in female mice/patients, tumours in male mice/patients are more enriched in Tregs. The male sex hormone androgen is shown to activate the NFκB pathway and reinforce the binding of NFκB to Ccl2 promoter loci in HCC cells, thereby promoting Ccl2 production, which facilitates the intratumoral recruitment of Tregs via the Ccl2-Ccr2 axis. Additionally, Treg infiltration shapes the HCC microenvironment through the suppression of the antitumorigenic activity of γδ T cells rather than CD8

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularLiver NeoplasmsReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaSex CharacteristicsT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryAndrogensAnimalsCarcinogenesisCell Line, TumorChemokine CCL2FemaleHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNF-kappa BAndrogensCcl2 protein, mouseChemokine CCL2NF-kappa BReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaReceptors, CCR2

Identifiers

PMID41672987
PMCPMC13004942

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.